<p>The New Mexico Supreme Court Building is a courthouse located in the city of Santa Fe, county of Santa Fe, in the USA state of New Mexico. Both the New Mexico Supreme Court and New Mexico Court of Appeals operate in the building. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Santa Fe County, New Mexico in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1937 for $307,000, this Territorial Revival style public structure with hand-carved wood interiors was built by the Works Progress Administration. The state of New Mexico issued bonds of $175,000 to pay for its portion of the construction costs, and a tax of $2.50 was levied on each civil case docketed. During the Cold War in the 1950s, the building doubled as a fallout shelter.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations</h2><br>
<p>The original two elevators and a third elevator added in the 1960s have been upgraded to current standards. Over the decades, piping and court seating were upgraded, as were the electrical and heating systems, water pipes, communications lines, and emergency/fire alarm system. The building now has a digital telephone system. Structural and interior design renovations have brought the building up to date.</p><br>
<p>Vanguard Park Historic District is a national historic district located between Bloomsbury and Roanoke Park in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is one of Raleighs historic Five Points neighborhoods. Like Roanoke Park, its homes reflect the variety of popular architectural styles from the 1920s through the 1950s and are similar to those found in the nearby prestigious suburb of Hayes Barton, but are more modest in scale. Notably, the popular Colonial style was not used due to Vanguard Parks narrower lots.</p><br>
<p>Construction began in this district along its south and west edges in 1920 with modestly sized American Craftsman bungalows and front-gabled houses. Building slowed considerably during the Depression; homes built in the following years were one- and two-story houses in the Minimal Traditional style. During World War II construction stopped abruptly, only to rebound robustly during the post-war housing shortage. Nearly fifty houses went up in Vanguard Park between 1945 and 1952; Pine Avenue was filled with houses in a single year. Most of these early post-war houses continued to use the Minimal Traditional style.</p><br>
<p>The Gothic Revival style Westminster Presbyterian Church, formerly North Vanguard Church, is the sole institutional building in Vanguard Park.</p><br>
<p>Vanguard Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>The Martin Bushnell House is a historic residence in the city of Mansfield, Ohio, United States. Built in 1892, the house was home to Martin Bushnell, a prominent civic leader, businessman, and politician, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<h2>Bushnell</h2><br>
<p>Born in 1837, Martin Bushnell was a member of one of Richland County&#39;s oldest families; his ancestors were pioneers who arrived in 1820. His father William served three terms in the Ohio House of Representatives, and Martin himself served one term in the Ohio Senate, beginning in 1897. Before entering into public office, Bushnell attended Denison University and worked for a succession of Mansfield companies,</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Bushnell&#39;s house is a Richardsonian Romanesque structure built primarily of stone: besides the various stone types composing the foundation and walls, the house features a slate roof and elements of granite. A large porch is placed at the front of the house, with a semicircular bow window above the porch and a two-story octagonal tower to the side. The roofs are of various types: that of the tower rises to a steep point, while other sections are gabled. Vertical elements include numerous chimneys, placed at widely separated points on the roofline, as well as the paired columns that support the porch roof. Small oculi are built into several sides of the tower, above the second-story windows, while a semicircular window in the front gable overlooks the roof of the bow window. These elements combine to convey a sense of sheer mass, typical of houses built in the Richardsonian Romanesque style.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>In 1974, the Bushnell House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. One of more than ninety locations with this designation in Richland County, it qualified both because of its architecture and because of its place as the home of a prominent local resident.</p><br>
<p>Engine Company Number Nine Firehouse, also known as the Arbor Street Firehouse, is an historic former firehouse at 17 Arbor street in the North Deering neighborhood of Portland, Maine. It was constructed in 1902-03, shortly after Deering was annexed to Portland. It was built to reflect Portlands commitment to the newly annexed suburb as well as due to the citys switch to a paid fire department. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in October 2010. It now houses a commercial business.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Arbor Street Firehouse is located on the north side of Arbor Street, just west of Forest Avenue (United States Route 302), a major artery to downtown Portland, and south of a cluster of road and rail interchanges known as Deering Junction. The building is a 2-1/2 story brick structure, and is three bays wide with a stepped-back fourth bay on the right side. The first floor of the main bays are taken up by equipment bays with two-leaf swinging doors, while the recessed side bay has a pedestrian entrance, sheltered by a gabled porch. The second floor bays have sash windows, the central bay of the three with a pair of them. A wall dormer rises above the central bay, with a group of three smaller sash windows.</p><br>
<p>The location where the firehouse stands was originally part of Westbrook, and was incorporated as part of the city of Deering in 1892. Deering was then a predominantly residential area, with many of its residents working in Portland. In 1899 it was annexed to Portland, greatly expanding that citys geography. After the annexation, the citys fire department embarked on a plan to update, modernize, and professionalize its force, equipment, and facilities. The Arbor Street station was built in 1902 as part of this process, functionally replacing a nearby wood-frame firehouse that had been built by the city of Deering. At the time of its construction, the equipment was still horse-drawn, and there would have been stables behind the main station. This station housed Engine Number 9 and Ladder Number 4 until 1972, when they moved to a new station on Forest Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Ashleigh is a Greek Revival style house located in Fauquier County near Delaplane, Virginia. The one-story house was built in 1840 for Margaret Marshal, the granddaughter of John Marshall on a portion of the family&#39;s Oak Hill estate .</p><br>
<p>The house was designed by Margaret Marshall and built by a man named Sutton. Margaret married John Thomas Smith in 1845 and they lived at Ashleigh until 1860. That year the house was sold to another relative, Gray Carroll. The property was sold by Carroll to Samuel P. Bayly in 1870. The house passed through a number of owners, with Dr. Edmund Horgan renovating the house in 1929. Horgan obtained pine paneling that had been removed from the White House during renovation work and installed it in the lower southeast room.</p><br>
<p>The house is one story with three bays flanked by one-story two-bay wings on either side. The sloping site makes the basement a full story on the south side of the main and west wings. The house is built of stone covered with stucco. A Greek Doric portico is centered on the main facade. An entrance hall extends across the front with a parlor behind. Halls extend into the center of each wing down a flight of three steps, with two rooms on either side. The garden features a boxwood hedge.</p><br>
<p>Ashleigh was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 14, 1973.</p><br>
<p>The Saenger Theatre is a historic theater in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Located at West Second</p><br>
<p>Ave. and Pine St. on the southeast corner, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. Built in 1924 to a design by Emile Weil, it is a Classical Revival brick building with an ornate interior that was last restyled in 1937. It is one of only a handful of Saenger movie palaces that remain.</p><br>
<p>The Kegs is a historic drive-in located in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The restaurant takes the form of two large wooden barrels. The barrel structures were originally built in 1935 as part of a chain of seven walk-up root beer stands called The Barrel by William Harry Muzzy. In 1946 the current drive-in came into being when the barrels were moved to their current location and joined by the rectangular section housing the front counter. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Camden Free Public Library Main Building is the first former main library of the Camden, New Jersey public library system. Designed by Herbert D. Hale and Henry G. Morse, the building was constructed with a grant from the Carnegie Corporation and opened in 1905. It closed in 1986 with the relocation of the library&#39;s main branch to the former South Jersey Gas, Electric and Traction Company Office Building. In 1992, the building was placed on the state and national registers of historic places. The building has fallen into state of serious disrepair. In 2003, funding was found for its stabilization, with the hope that it would be preserved and re-used.</p><br>
<p>The city&#39;s once extensive library system has been beleaguered by financial difficulties. In 2010, it threatened to close but was incorporated by the county library system. Nonetheless, the main branch did close in February 2011.</p><br>
<p>The John Haskell House, also known as the Hermitage, was a historic home located in New Windsor, Orange County, New York. It was built about 1726, and was a -story log dwelling with a rear ell. It had a gabled roof and large interior chimney at each end. Due to its construction, the Haskell House was considered one of the largest intact log mansions in the Thirteen Colonies.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Colonel John Haskell</h3><br>
<p>The builder of the house, Colonel John Haskell, served as a steward for Brigadier Robert Hunter, colonial governor of New York and New Jersey from 1710 — 1720. After Hunter&#39;s appointment, Haskell continued in service to William Burnet. In 1719, he was awarded a tract of nearly 2,000 acres in New Windsor. Showing his appreciation, he contributed to the building of a fort and trading post in Oswego. Burnet paid Haskell five pounds for once again fulfilling his duties.</p><br>
<p>In 1721, Colonel John Haskell obtained a grant of an additional 2,000 acres backing the lands of William Chambers, who acquired it a decade prior. The grant, which included lands east of Snake Hill, or Muchattoes Hill, became several farms, divided by stone walls. Some remnants of these walls exist through the hill today, though many may be of later construction. According to tradition, Haskell visited England, returning with a variety of seeds and cattle for his new farm. Haskell himself maintained a central plot near the base of the hill, where he constructed a large log manor house after settling the grant. The date of erection for Haskell&#39;s house, which he called the "Hermitage," is contested, but likely 1726 or later. Evan Jones, a surgeon, occupied the third lot of the grant with his family.</p><br>
<h3>Division of Land</h3><br>
<p>Alexander and Cornelius Wood received a lot of 429 acres, including the house, on May 19, 1761, following the death of Haskell and Jones. The executors of Jones will also sold a larger lot to the forger Samuel Brewster on December 27, 1763. In the roughly eight-year period after the Woods transfer, Moses Fowler owned a 229-acre portion of it, in turn selling it to Sylvannus Dusenbury on September 19, 1769. The Dusenbury family held the property for several generations.</p><br>
<p>During the Revolutionary War, Dr. John Jones, son of Evan Jones, assisted in the organization of the Continental Army&#39;s Medical Department. 7,000 troops camped on the original Haskell grant.</p><br>
<p>Ownership of the property fell to several New Windsor families, most renowned being the Vails. Acreage reductions became common over the years, and when a corporation was sold the land in 1970, it had been reduced to 13.5 acres. Calvet Rental Inc. took ownership of the property and house in 1973. The house was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places this year.</p><br>
<h3>Interest</h3><br>
<p>Curiosity in the Hermitage peaked during this time, as workers for the Historic American Buildings Survey viewed it by commission. Many of New Windsor&#39;s 18th century houses had succumbed to demolition in the 20th century. The Orange County Citizens Foundation mobilized to conduct research on the house, with plans to restore and open it as a museum. During this time, Calvet Rental Inc. was using the house for storage, and required ongoing negotiation from the foundation regarding their plans.</p><br>
<p>On the evening of April 12, 1984, a fire began at the house, spreading quickly throughout. The New Windsor Fire Department called for backup from the City of Newburgh Fire Department, who refused to participate given that they were limited on engines. The ruins of the house were cleared.</p><br>
<p>The Lindheimer House is located in the city of New Braunfels, county of Comal, in the USA state of Texas. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Comal County, Texas in 1970, and designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1936. The house is currently owned and run as a museum by the New Braunfels Conservation Society.</p><br>
<h2>Ferdinand Lindheimer</h2><br>
<p>Ferdinand Jacob Lindheimer (1801–1879) was known as the father of Texas Botany. Born in Frankfurt, Germany, Lindheimer emigrated to the United States in 1834 to escape persecution resulting from his political activities. After military participation in Texas, Lindheimer moved to St. Louis, Missouri to partner in botanical research with George Engelmann and Asa Gray. His research brought him in touch with John O. Meusebach, after which Lindheimer moved back to Texas where he spent the rest of his life.</p><br>
<h2>Saltbox house</h2><br>
<p>Lindheimer built his timber-framed house in 1852, in the saltbox style, with the roof at the back of his house sloping lower than the roof at the front of the house. Stucco covers the fachwerk totally on three sides of Lindheimers house, but leaves it exposed in the back. A popular architecture style in New England, the saltbox house was also utilized among German immigrants in Texas. Rather than a full second story, Lindheimers house has a loft as the second story. A centralized chimney heats the home. The front of the house has two transomed, paneled doors. In 1853, Lindheimer became the editor of the Die Neu Braunfels Zeitung, and published it out of his home for the next two decades, converting the rear of his house into a print shop. The New Braunfels Conservation Society operates the house as a museum.</p><br>
<p>Saint John the Evangelist Catholic Church is a Catholic parish of the Archdiocese of Indianapolis in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. The parishs origins date to 1837, when it was first named Holy Cross parish. In 1850 it was renamed Saint John the Evangelist parish, and is the oldest Catholic parish in the city and in Marion County, Indiana. Considered the mother of the Catholic parishes in Indianapolis, it played an important role in development of the Catholic Church in the city. Saint Johns Church served as the pro-cathedral of the diocese from 1878 until 1906; its rectory served as the bishop&#39;s residence and chancery from 1878 until 1892. In 1900 the church served as the site of first episcopal consecration held in Indianapolis.</p><br>
<p>Although many considered Saint Johns a diocesan cathedral, it was never officially named as such. Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral remained the official cathedral and Vincennes, Indiana, as the see city for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vincennes, Indiana, until March 28, 1898, when the episcopal see was transferred to Indianapolis and became the Diocese of Indianapolis. Diocesan functions continued to be held at Saint Johns until Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral was built in 1906. Saint Johns rectory continued to house the diocesan chancery until 1968, and served as the metropolitan tribunal for the diocese until 1982. Saint Johns Church and rectory were placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The present-day Saint Johns Church, the parishs third and the second one built on the Georgia Street property, is the main structure in a group of parish buildings on the southwest corner of Georgia Street and Capitol Avenue. Diedrich A. Bohlen, principal and founder of the Indianapolis architectural firm of D. A. Bohlen and Son, designed the rectory (1863), church (1867&ndash;71), and a rectory addition (1878). Bohlen&#39;s son, Oscar, designed the twin spires and supervised their construction in 1893. The red-brick church has an eclectic style, including elements of French Gothic Revival and American Romanesque Revival architecture. The sanctuary has a seating capacity of 3,000. It was the largest church in Indiana when the cornerstone was laid in 1867; it was dedicated on July 2, 1871.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Saint Johns parish</h3><br>
<p>Holy Cross parish, the predecessor to Saint John the Evangelist, is the oldest Catholic parish in Indianapolis and in Marion County, Indiana. It is considered the mother of the Catholic parishes in Indianapolis, and played an important role in development of the Catholic Church in the city. The parishs origins date to 1837, when Father Vincent Bacquelin held the first regularly celebrated mass in Indianapolis at a local tavern. Father Bacquelin founded Holy Cross parish in November 1837 after the Diocese of Vincennes purchased a lot for the parishs first church on the northwest corner of Washington and California Streets, just south of Military Park. The new frame church, which measured about 40 ft by 24 ft, was known as the Chapel of the Holy Cross. The first mass was held in the church on October 11, 1840.</p><br>
<p>In 1846 Bishop Célestine de la Hailandière purchased three lots on Georgia Street, where it intersects Tennessee Street (present-day Capitol Avenue), for $2,300. The lots served as the site for a cluster of new buildings that would be built for the parish. In 1850 a new brick church measuring 80 ft by 40 ft was built on the center lot facing south on Georgia Street, adjacent to the site of the present-day rectory. Father John Guéguen, the parish pastor at the time, changed the name of the parish to Saint John the Evangelist when the new church was completed. (Saint John the Evangelist was Father Bacquelin&#39;s patron saint.)</p><br>
<p>Father Bacquelins successor, Augustus Bessonies, served as pastor at Saint Johns from 1857 to 1890, when the parish expanded to include a new church, rectory, and school buildings on Georgia Street. In 1859 a new parish school was constructed at the corner of Georgia and Tennessee Streets (present-day Capitol Avenue) to house Saint Johns Academy, the citys first Catholic school. Founded by the Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, the school opened in September 1859. It remained at the site until Saint Johns Academy for Girls opened at 135 West Maryland Street in January 1874. The Georgia Street school building was later demolished. Saint Johns Academy on Maryland Street closed in 1959, and the building was demolished. In 1863 the parish built a new rectory adjacent to Saint Johns Church, and in 1867 a three-story brick school for boys. The Brothers of the Sacred Heart operated the school until 1929, and the building was later demolished.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the present-day Saint Johns Church began in April 1867, and the main building was completed in 1871. (Due to the expense the twin spires were not added until 1893.) In the early 1870s, when the Bishop of Vincennes, Jacques Maurice de St. Palais, visited Indianapolis, he resided at Saint Johns rectory and used the church as his proto-cathedral. Although the bishop considered making Indianapolis the episcopal see of the Diocese of Vincennes, he deferred the decision to Silas Chatard, his successor.</p><br>
<p>Saint Johns served as the proto-cathedral of the diocese from 1878, when Bishop Silas Chatard established his residence and chancery there, until 1906, when Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral was built in Indianapolis. Although Bishop St. Palais temporarily resided at Saint Johns when he visited Indianapolis, his successor, Bishop Chatard, formally obtained permission from Pope Leo XIII to establish the bishops residence at Indianapolis. After Chatards consecration as Bishop of Vincennes on May 12, 1878, in Rome, Italy, he traveled to Indiana and arrived in Indianapolis on August 17, 1878. Within a month after his arrival in the city, Bishop Chatard commissioned noted Indianapolis architect Diedrich A. Bohlen, principal and founder of the architectural firm of D. A. Bohlen and Son, to design an addition to Saint Johns rectory that would service as the bishops residence and house the diocesan chancery. The rectory addition served as the bishops residence from August 1878 until April 18, 1892, when Bishop Chatard moved into the newly built rectory at Fourteenth and Meridian Streets in the Saint Peter and Paul parish.</p><br>
<p>When Bishop Chatard moved to Indianapolis in 1878, many considered Saint Johns as a diocesan cathedral, but it was never officially named as such. Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral remained the official cathedral and Vincennes, Indiana, as the see city for the Diocese of Vincennes until March 28, 1898, when Pope Leo XIII officially transferred the episcopal see to Indianapolis and it became the Diocese of Indianapolis. Because Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, the new cathedral for the Diocese of Indianapolis, was not built until 1906, diocesan functions continued to be held at Saint Johns Church in the interim. Bishop Chatard called four diocesan synods (in 1878, 1880, 1886, and 1891) during his residency at Saint Johns. Some functions remained at Saint Johns even longer. Its rectory continued to house the diocesan chancery until 1968, and it served as the metropolitan tribunal for the diocese until 1982.</p><br>
<p>Father Bessonies&#39;s successor, Monsignor Francis H. Gavisk became vicar general for the Diocese of Indianapolis and was Saint Johns pastor from 1890 to 1932. He continued work to complete the church in 1893. On May 12, 1903, Bishop Chatard celebrated his Silver Episcopal Jubilee with a Pontifical High Mass at Saint Johns. The celebration marked the last significant diocesan event at the church.</p><br>
<p>The church was restored for its centennial anniversary in 1971.</p><br>
<h3>Church and rectory construction</h3><br>
<p>Saint Johns Church is the main structure in a cluster of parish buildings on the southwest corner of Georgia Street and Capitol Avenue. Construction of these building was completed in phases. Diedrich A. Bohlen designed the rectory (1863), the present-day Saint Johns Church (1867&ndash;71), and bishops residence/rectory addition (1878). (Other D. A. Bohlen-designed buildings related to the parish include Saint Johns school for boys (1867), across the alley from the rectory, and the Saint Johns Academy for Girls (1872&ndash;74), on nearby Maryland Street.) Bohlens son, Oscar, designed the twin spires on the two towers that flank the main facade and supervised their construction. The Bohlen-designed red-brick, two-story rectory (1863), which predates the present-day church, faces south on Georgia Street.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the present-day church, the second one on the Georgia Street site, began in 1867. Funds from private donors and parish fund-raising efforts paid for construction of the church, which cost an estimated $120,000 at the time it was built. Unlike the first church on the site, which faced Georgia Street, the present-day church faces west on Capitol Avenue. Bishop St. Palais laid the cornerstone on July 21, 1867. John B. Purcell, Archbishop of Cincinnati, dedicated the new church on July 2, 1871. Due to the expense, the twin spires were not added until 1893. Saint Johns was closed from February 1893 to September 14, 1893, to construct the spires, install a pipe organ, and decorate the interior.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The present-day Saint Johns Church has an eclectic style, including elements of French Gothic Revival and American Romanesque Revival architecture.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior and plan</h3><br>
<p>The church is constructed of red brick laid in a modified Flemish bond and white limestone corner buttresses over a limestone foundation. It has an arched main entrance, a square cupola, and twin spires. The basic cruciform plan includes a shallow transept, nave, and a half-octagon apse. The sanctuary has a seating capacity of 3,000. Saint Johns was the largest church in Indiana when the cornerstone was laid in 1867. The church measures 75 ft wide, 202.5 ft long, and 53 ft tall. Its twin spires are 194 ft tall.</p><br>
<p>The main facade facing Capitol Avenue is divided into three sections with three portals faced in stone. The three-story gabled center section contains the main entrance with large wooden doors. Limestone Corinthian order columns support a compound Gothic arch. The stone tympanum above the main portal includes Joseph Quarmbys life-size representation of John the Evangelist pondering the scriptures, and the churchs construction dates (1867 and 1871) are inscribed in stone over the main entrance. A half-circle stone cap bears the inscription "D.O.M. " (Deo optimo maximo), meaning "To God, the Best and Greatest." A gabled parapet with a blind trefoil and a cross surmounts the arch. A rose window is installed in the center at the second-story level. The facade&#39;s two tower sections, topped with identical copper spires on the left and right, include an additional entrance with wooden doors. Each tower has four upper levels separated by belted courses and include openings at each level.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The Gothic sanctuary includes Corinthian columns and ribbed vaulting. An organ and choir gallery is built at the rear of the nave, above the narthex. Guy Leber, an Italian-Swiss painter from Louisville, Kentucky, painted the ceiling of the apse with The Angels of Glory (white-robed angels and halo-crowned seraphs).</p><br>
<p>The church&#39;s original walls included oak wainscoting extending 5 ft from the floor, a painted wall, and a simple border. Stonecarver Henry R. Sanders made the interior capitals and pillars in staff (plaster of Paris and manila fiber cast in a gelato mold)</p><br>
<p>The church contains four chapels along the nave, two on each side. The Saint Patrick and Pietà chapels on the right were gifts of Bishop Chatard; the Sacred Heart and Saint Anne chapels were gifts of Father Bessonies. The Saint Patrick Chapel contains a statue of Saint Patrick, patron saint of Ireland; the Pietà chapel contains a statue of the Mother of Sorrows; the Sacred Heart Chapel contains a statue of the Sacred Heart; and the Saint Anne Chapel includes an altar and statue of Saint Anne and her daughter, the Virgin Mary. Each of the four side chapels contains two art nouveau-style glass windows that were installed in 1893.</p><br>
<p>Twenty-five leaded-glass windows were installed in the churchs exterior walls. The original rose window on the west façade was destroyed in a hailstorm in 1923. The Emil Frei Art Glass Company designed its replacement, which depicts Saint John on the island of Patmos; it was installed in 1924. Musicians and musical instruments surround the central design. The stained-glass window in the center of the apse was a gift from Bishop St. Palais; it depicts Saint Johns vision in the Apocalypse. The art-glass window in the former baptistery depicts Christ&#39;s baptism in the Jordan River. Twenty of the remaining twenty-two windows were designed in 1942 by Henry Keck Studios of Syracuse, New York.</p><br>
<p>A pipe organ built in 1989 is installed in the organ gallery at the rear of the sanctuary. Its organ case comes from the original instrument, installed in 1894 that was destroyed during a hailstorm in 1923. A portion of the pipework was retained from a previous organ built for the church in 1935.</p><br>
<p>Alterations to the original interior when it was refurbished in 1971 included repositioning the altar to face the congregation, moving the baptismal font to the left transept, and removal of communion rails.</p><br>
<h3>Rectory</h3><br>
<p>The rectory was built in two phases. The two-story east section was built in 1863. The three-story bishops residence and chancery was built in 1879. The bishops residence is attached to the rectorys east side. Both buildings face Georgia Street and are constructed of red brick laid in Flemish bond and trimmed in limestone. The 1863 building is constructed over a limestone foundation and includes a three-bay façade with steps leading to the entrance. The rectorys façade has a Flemish gable and a Tudor-Gothic arch that shelters the entrance door, sidelights, and transom. The 1879 addition is more Victorian in style. Its openings are arched, and the front façade features a two-story bay. A red-brick wall in Flemish bond separates the rectory and addition from Georgia Street.</p><br>
<h2>Ordinations</h2><br>
<p>Auxiliary bishop Denis O&#39;Donaghue was consecrated at Saint Johns Church on April 25, 1900; it was the first episcopal consecration held in Indianapolis.</p><br>
<h2>Membership</h2><br>
<p>Membership declined for several decades after the turn of the century, when local families began to leave the downtown area and move to the citys suburbs. Parish membership of 3,000 in the 1880s had decreased to less than 30 by the 1970s. In 1971, the churchs centennial, it assumed a new ministry to serve Indianapolis visitors and downtown workers. The church&#39;s location across the street from the Indianapolis Convention Center and its proximity to downtown hotels and attractions makes it a convenient gathering place for convention attendees and other visitors. As of 2017 parish membership has increased to 1200 households.</p><br>
<p>The Tsama Pueblo is a Tewa Pueblo ancestral site in an address-restricted area of Abiquiú, New Mexico. It was occupied from around 1250 until around 1500 and contained 1100 rooms. The site and others in the area were explored by Florence Hawley Ellis in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1983, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. Tsama is located 3 mi from the Poshuouinge site. The Sapawe site is closely related. In December 2008, The Archaeological Conservancy extended the Tsama Archaeological Preserve by 11.6523 acres, mostly cobble mulch garden plots which were likely once constructed by the residents of Tsama Pueblo.</p><br>
<p>The George M. Barker Company Warehouse is an historic building located at 1525 7th Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Logan Circle-Shaw neighborhood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was designed by A.M. Poynton and constructed in 1906 as a lumber, coal and wood distribution warehouse.</p><br>
<p>It is now used by Bread for the City, a local social service organization, and above the door is written "Dignity, Respect, Service."</p><br>
<p>Maisel&#39;s Indian Trading Post was located in the city of Albuquerque, county of Bernalillo, in the USA state of New Mexico. It was added to the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties and the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bernalillo County, New Mexico in 1993. Maisel’s was closed permanently in August, 2019 when Skip decided to retire before the pandemic occurred.</p><br>
<h2>Store</h2><br>
<p>Established by Maurice and Cyma Maisel in 1939 to cater to the new USA Route 66 tourist trade, this Pueblo Deco building was designed by architect John Gaw Meem. The building features murals designed by Olive Rush. Various murals depicting Indian life were painted by ten Pueblo and Navajo artists such as Narcisco Abeyta, Harrison Begay, and Awa TsirehLester, Patrick D., The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters, SIR Publications, Tulsa, Oklahoma,</p><br>
<p>9780806199369, First edition, 1995 The trading post employed hundreds of native craftspeople in its heyday. It closed upon its founders death, only to be reopened in the 1980s by Maurice’s grandson, Skip. It continued to trade as Skip Maisels Indian Jewelry and Crafts, until summer of 2019, when Skip Maisel retired and closed the business.</p><br>
<p>The Startup Candy Company is the oldest candy company in Utah and one of the oldest candy companies in the United States. William Startup started making candy in his basement in Manchester, England in 1820. He developed the first hard candy and called it “American Cough Candy” because he hoped to bring his new recipe to America one day. However, William died before making it to America, but he left his legacy to his son and namesake. William Startup Jr. learned the candy-making process as a young boy and continued to run his father’s candy business.</p><br>
<p>In 1868 William and his new bride immigrated to the United States and made their home in Utah where the dry climate is ideal for candy making. In 1874 the couple settled in Provo, Utah where their store quickly became a popular attraction. The original factory is a historic building located in Provo, Utah that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The first candy bars in the United States were produced here. The Startup Candy Company has passed through five generations of Startups and has moved to three different locations.</p><br>
<p>In 2021, the store re-located to American Fork, Utah. Employees use the same recipes and passion for candy-making to create a one-of-a-kind and old-fashioned candies and suckers.</p><br>
<h2>Startup Candy Factory</h2><br>
<h3>Company</h3><br>
<p>The Startup Candy company was founded by William Startup. He built the factory at 534 South 100 West in 1900 to help expand the family business. One of the first candy companies in Utah, the Startup Candy Company thrived in Utah&#39;s dry climate. The company produced the first candy bars in the USA, as well as being the first to produce and sell ice cream. This facility helped Utah produce more candy than the rest of the Intermountain States combined. The Startup Candy Company was the first company in Utah state to introduce profit sharing to its employees.</p><br>
<p>The Startup Candy Factory was added to the Provo City Historic Landmarks registry on March 21, 1996.</p><br>
<h3>Structure</h3><br>
<p>A mix between a warehouse style, and a light commercial style, the Startup Candy Factory has two stories and a basement. The southern portion of the structure is fairly plain with no decorative elements adorning the outside, it displays an asymmetrical facade. The middle section is more decorative, with a Roman arched door bay and a stone belt course, as well as recessed brick panels encasing window and door bays. The northern section has a corbled brick course along the second level.</p><br>
<h3>William Daw Startup family</h3><br>
<p>Born to William Startup and Selina Morris in Widcombe, England, on September 8, 1846, William helped his father make candy as a child, beneath their retail store in the basement. After William converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he alone out of his family immigrated to the United States. On November 14, 1869 William wed Hagar in Salt Lake City&#39;s Endowment House. Once married, William and Hagar settled in Salt Lake, hoping that William would be able to make a living as a teacher. In the year 1874, they moved to Provo, and in 1875, they began making candy in a factory they constructed next to their home. William was hit by a limestone cooling slab, which caused his untimely death in the year 1878.</p><br>
<p>Hagar, his wife, had four children by that time, and endeavored to carry on the candy making business in their support. By 1892, the store was a success, and became the third wholesale manufacturing company in the state of Utah. Three years later, Hagar&#39;s sons Walter, George, and William became the owners. In 1896, the first candy bar in the United States, the opera bar, was sold for ten cents from this factory. When the depression hit and economic difficulties ensued, Walter Startup purchased his brothers’ interests, but soon lost them to the bank. Eventually, additional funds were procured, and Walter was able to buy back the northern half of the factory, where the company continued to operate.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Edgewater Public Library is located at 48 Hudson Avenue in Edgewater, in Bergen County, in the USA state of New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>Serving a population of 7,677, the library in 2011 included a collection of 20,402 volumes. As a member of the Bergen County Cooperative Library System, a consortium of municipal libraries in the northeastern New Jersey counties of Bergen, Hudson, Passaic, and Essex, it has a circulation of 52,627 items per year.</p><br>
<p>The building is one of New Jersey&#39;s 36 Carnegie libraries, constructed with a grant of $15,000 made March 16, 1915 by the Carnegie Corporation and opened in 1916. Engraved about its entrance is Edgewater Free Library. In 2009, the library was listed on the state and national registers of historic places.</p><br>
<p>The William D. Roberts House is a historic building located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>William D. Roberts was a central figure in the City of Provo&#39;s development. His home, located at 212 North and 500 West, was built in 1875 in the Greek revival style. The William D. Roberts House was designated to the Provo City Historic Landmarks Registry on August 22, 1996. It is currently an art gallery.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>The William D. Roberts house was constructed in 1875. A two-story home with a gable roof, this home is "The best-preserved example in Provo of a house that displays the traditional form and Greek Revival detailing of the pioneer period while concurrently reflecting the increased verticality of the early Victorian influence in Utah (Randall p. 1)." The use of the Greek revival style is evident in the decorative features of the building. The home contains a boxed cornice as well as six over six double hung sash windows with pedimental window heads. The doors also exhibit these window heads. There have been several alterations made to the structure since it was originally made, such as alterations on the facade, and extensions made to the house, the home still retains much of its original character.</p><br>
<h2>William D. Roberts</h2><br>
<p>Born in Winchester, Illinois, on September 4, 1835, William D. Roberts was approximately ten when his family relocated from Illinois to Garden Grove, Iowa. After a subsequent move to Lancaster, Missouri, his family relocated yet again to Provo Utah in 1851. It was in Provo that William D. Roberts joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Eventually Roberts fulfilled two missions for the church, one in California and one in Great Britain. He also became a member of the Seventies; a general authority in the church. Later in 1851, William, his brother Bolivar, and their father left for California. Once in Placerville, then known as Hang Town, Their father practiced medicine while William and Bolivar mined for a living. This pursuit did not prove as fruitful as planned, as William was not able to afford making it back to Utah until 1855, and at that time only made it with two twenty dollar gold pieces after the four years in California.</p><br>
<p>Once back in Provo, Roberts fulfilled several assignments of note. Roberts was assigned among a group of men to find Chief Tintic and his company of men, who had been harassing the settlers. Also, Roberts was one of the men who left Utah to help the pioneer Saints make it all the way to Utah when many were trapped within the cold in 1856. In the year 1857, on their way to trade with emigrants in Sweet Water, both Roberts and a man by the name Daniel Jones were abducted by Crow Indians, but rescued the next day by travelers heading towards California. In 1858 Roberts worked in freighting and carrying passengers between Salt Lake City and Los Angeles, California.</p><br>
<p>On February 6, 1862, Roberts wed Maria Julia Lusk in Lancaster, Missouri, and subsequently he brought her to live with him in Provo. William Roberts became active in the community of Provo, serving as a member of the City council from 1878 to 1881, as an alderman from 1884 to 1885, and as the first postmaster in the state of Utah. He also participated in the first brass band put together in Utah county, as well as in Provo&#39;s first dramatic association. William Roberts died at his home in Provo on March 8, 1912.</p><br>
<p>The Carl W. A. Groos House is located in the city of New Braunfels, county of Comal, in the USA state of Texas. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Comal County, Texas in 2000, and designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1968. Groos occupied this house for approximately one year. He moved to San Antonio, and in 1880 had architect Alfred Giles design his home which became known as the Carl Wilhelm August Groos House. Originally owned by one of the early German emigrants to New Braunfels, the house has also remained in the hands of descendants of the early German settlers. Diplomat Bob Krueger used the building for his business office and renovated it in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Carl Wilhelm August Groos (1830–1893) was a Prussian emigrant to Texas in 1848, first in Fayette County and then Gillespie County. In February 1870, Groos purchased a block of land between Seguin and Castell Streets, which consisted of Lot 56 and Lot 72 for $1,900. On May 20, 1870, he married Hulda Amalie Moureau of New Braunfels, and became part of his father-in-laws business. Groos built his New Braunfels home shortly after the wedding. In 1872, Groos moved his family to San Antonio, retaining ownership of the New Braunfels house. In 1879, the house was sold to Grosss sister Emile and her husband New Braunfels’ Mayor Johann Friedrich Adolph Giesecke. A native of Hanover, Germany, Giesecke emigrated to Texas in 1846. The Gieseckes sold the house to local merchant Fritz Scholl, whose family retained ownership until 1946. Scholl was married to the daughter of Julius Rennert, one of the original New Braunfels settlers. Arlon and Faye Krueger, parents of career politician and diplomat Bob Krueger, purchased the house in 1946. Arlon Kruegers grandfather Karl emigrated to Texas in the 19th century. Upon Arlons death in 1973, the house remained with his immediate family. Bob Krueger (1935–2022) used the building as his business office, and had the building renovated in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Knight–Allen House is a historic house located in Provo, Utah. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>390 East Center Street</h2><br>
<p>The Knight–Allen home was constructed in 1888 in the Victorian style. Containing a Moorish tin scalloped roof, an Italianate turret, distinctive lintels, Romanesque porch tiers, and several ornate window shapes, it is an excellent example of a Victorian Eclectic home. The Knight–Allen House was designated to the Provo City Historic Landmarks Registry on June 19, 1996.</p><br>
<h3>Jesse Knight</h3><br>
<p>Perhaps the wealthiest man in Provo at the time, Jesse Knight was born in 1845 in Nauvoo, Illinois. Knights family migrated west, and reached Utah Territory in 1857. Twelve years later Knight married Amanda McEwan and began a ranch near Payson. Following an impression that he had, Knight began a mining operation in the Eureka area and became rich. He subsequently bought other mines, founded a bank, purchased real estate in Provo, bought the Provo Woolen Mills, and started farming and cattle interests in Canada. Throughout all of these efforts Knight remained an active supporter of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and his mines were called the "cleanest mining camps in the west" (Utah State Historical Society p. 2). Knight died in 1921, designating much of his amassed fortune to Brigham Young University and various other institutions. After his death, the house was occupied by Knights daughter, Inez Knight Allen, and her husband.</p><br>
<h3>The Victorian Mansions of Provo</h3><br>
<p>Built between the years 1893 and 1908 in Provo, Utah, this group of Victorian mansions are historically significant and represent not only fine architecture but some of the most successful men of the city and state at the time. These mansions include the Charles E. Loose House, the William H. Ray House, the Knight–Allen House, the John R. Twelves House, the Jesse Knight House, the Knight-Mangum House, and the Thomas N. Taylor House. All of these homes derive from the high style: Eastlake, Shingle, Craftsman, Italianate, Classical, Moorish, Colonial, and Romanesque Revivals. Made primarily of brick, these homes exhibit the finest architecture and most ornate detailing to be found in the city of Provo.</p><br>
<h3>Jesse Knight and the Tintic mining industry</h3><br>
<p>The successful commercial mining of precious metals and minerals transformed Utah&#39;s economy from basically an agrarian base to a more industrialized state. Within this development the Tintic Mining District, located approximately thirty miles southwest of Provo, was founded in 1869 and by 1899 became the leading mining center in Utah with a value of output placed at $5 million. A central figure in Tintic success was Jesse Knight and the Knight family who resided in Provo. Jesse Knight attained wealth with his Humbug mine in the mid-1890s. The large silver producer allowed Knight to develop other mines in the East Tintic area. Knightsville grew around the workings and became touted as the only saloon-free, prostitute-free, privately owned mining camp in the USA His strict adherence to doctrines of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints made the town one inhabited primarily by members of that church.</p><br>
<p>Jessie Knight was able to expand farther than the Tintic mines, reaching to the power plant in Santaquin, the Tintic drain tunnel project, the Knight Dry farm, and the smelters at Silver City. The Bonneville Mining company, the Knight Woolen Mills, Ellison Ranching Company, The American-Columbian Corporation, The Springville-Mapleton Sugar Company, The Spring Canyon Coal Company, Utah Savings Bank, The Layton Sugar Company, and the Tintic Drain Tunnel Company all represent facets of the Knight Investment Company. As a result of all these financial successes, the Knight-Allen house was able to be built. It was probably designed by Provo architect Richard C. Watkins.</p><br>
<h3>Preservation</h3><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 as part of a multiple property submission that nominated seven and listed six Provo houses. The listed houses are the Knight–Mangum House, the John R. Twelves House, the Jesse Knight House, this, the Knight–Allen House, the William H. Ray House, and the Thomas N. Taylor House. The seventh, the Charles E. Loose House, was determined to be NRHP-eligible but was not NRHP-listed due to owner objection.</p><br>
<p>The Knight Block is a historic building located on South University Avenue  in downtown Provo, Utah, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Knight Block was constructed in 1900, and served as headquarters for Jesse Knight (1845-1921), a local businessman primarily in the mining industry.</p><br>
<p>It was designated to the National Register of Historic Places in May 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>A three-story building, the Knight Block is a rectangular structure containing a ground floor for retail, a basement, and two upper floors used for offices. The structure is made of red brick with gray limestone lintels. On the southwest of the building is a clock tower which rises over the roof line of the building. Several additions have been made to the building, such as three bays built on the north end of the western face of the building and the inside of the main floor.</p><br>
<h2>Jessie Knight</h2><br>
<p>Perhaps the wealthiest man in Provo at the time, Jesse Knight was born in 1845 in Nauvoo, Illinois. Knight&#39;s family migrated west, and reached Utah Territory in 1857. Twelve years later, Knight married Amanda McEwan and began a ranch in Payson, Utah. Following an impression that he had, Knight began a mining operation in the Eureka area and became rich. He subsequently bought other mines, founded a bank, purchased real estate in Provo, bought the Provo Woolen Mills, and started farming and cattle interests in Canada. Throughout all of these efforts, Knight remained an active supporter of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and his mines were called the "cleanest mining camps in the west" (Utah State Historical Society p. 2). Knight died in 1921, designating much of his amassed fortune to Brigham Young University and various other institutions.</p><br>
<h2>Jesse Knight and the Tintic Mining Industry</h2><br>
<p>The successful commercial mining of precious metals and minerals transformed Utah&#39;s economy from basically an agrarian base to a more industrialized state. Within this development the Tintic Mining District, located approximately thirty miles southwest of Provo, was founded in 1869 and by 1899 became the leading mining center in Utah with a value of output placed at five million dollars. A central figure in Tintic success was Jesse Knight and the Knight family who resided in Provo. Knight attained wealth with his Humbug mine in the mid-1890s. The large silver producer allowed Knight to develop other mines in the East Tintic area. Knightsville grew around the workings and became touted as the only saloon-free, prostitute-free, privately owned mining camp in the USA His strict adherence to doctrines of the LDS Church made the town one inhabited primarily by Mormons.</p><br>
<p>Knight was able to expand farther than the tintic mines, reaching to the power plant in Santaquin, the Knight Dry Farm, and the smelters at Silver City. The Bonneville Mining Company, the Knight Woolen Mills, Ellison Ranching Company, the American-Columbian Corporation, the Springville-Mapleton Sugar Company, the Spring Canyon Coal Company, Utah Savings Bank, the Layton Sugar Company, and the Tintic Drain Tunnel Company all represent facets of the Knight Investment Company. The fortune Knight earned from these investments allowed the construction of not only the Knight Block, but also the Knight-Mangum House, the Knight-Allen House, and the Jesse Knight House.</p><br>
<p>The Pipestone Water Tower is a 132 ft concrete water tower in Pipestone, Minnesota, United States, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Unreliable rainfall and a lack of glacial lakes in the area necessitate the use of a tower to pump and store water from an underground reservoir.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Pipestone Water Tower is unique in that it is one of only two water towers in the United States known to have been designed by architect L.P. Wolfe; its sister, the Brainerd Water Tower, is located in Brainerd, Minnesota. It was built to replace an aged steel standpipe tower built in the late 1880s. Construction on the structure was commenced by the Campbell Construction Company in 1920 for $24,610. Water service from the tower began on October 26, 1921 and continued until it was replaced by a larger tower in 1976. A restoration of the tower was undertaken in 1990, along with the construction of a new wayside rest area.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>The water tower, significant in that it is constructed of poured concrete, stands at 132 ft tall and roughly 25 ft in diameter. The 150,000 gal capacity tank is supported by a hollow supporting column which contains an unusual set of spiral windows and an internal staircase. The tower pumped and stored water from a 500,000 gal reservoir built below it at the time of its construction, releasing the water via gravity on demand.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>The tower has become the center of the Water Tower Festival, a community celebration held in late June.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeview Tithing Office, also known as the Bunnell Creamery, is a historic building located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Lakeview Tithing Office was constructed in 1899. Originally serving as a creamery, it eventually became a hub for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and an important symbol of their faith.</p><br>
<p>This structure is only one story high, and is made of brick. It has a roof that is a mix between a gable roof and a hip roof, and possesses a stone foundation and a false front. The detailing of the home includes corbelling of the upper edge, rock-faced shoulder arches, and jigsaw cut elements in the wooden arches. There have been no major changes to the building, and it remains in good condition.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeview Tithing office is one of twenty eight tithing offices in Utah for the LDS Church, which buildings functioned between 1850 and 1910. These facilities served for church members to be able to collect, store, and distribute the farm products donated as tithing, for at the time, agricultural products comprised most of what people worked for and earned. Serving as a node for economic activity and welfare, the Lakeview tithing office was a vital building for many of the city&#39;s early inhabitantsy who belonged to the LDS church.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1899 by Leslie L. Bunnell, the Lakeview Tithing office, operated as a creamery for several years before being a tithing office. The first creamery in Lakeview, this building was involved in the producing and selling of cheese and butter, and the selling of milk. The Bunnell family, consisting of five children, lived inside the creamery in the room located on the west end. In 1904, an adjoining house was built, and the family relocated. Subsequently, the Bunnells sold the creamery to the Lakeview ward of the LDS church, who deemed to use it as a tithing office. The Bunnell family re-purchased the building back in approximately 1920 for use as a granary and occasionally to rent the west room out.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Condominium 1 was the first unit in the Sea Ranch development on the Pacific coast of Sonoma County, California. The complex was designed by Charles W. Moore, Donlyn Lyndon, William Turnbull Jr. and Richard Whitaker of the MLTW partnership in 1963–1964, and was built by contractor Matthew Sylvia in 1965. The timber-framed structure overlooks the Pacific Ocean. It has been described as one of the most significant architectural designs of the 1960s in California, and has received numerous awards.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Condominium 1 is located on the edge of a cliff overlooking the Pacific. It is a complex of ten condominium units, intended to be seen as a single structure. The design was inspired by barns and other farm buildings in the region and, with the help of landscape architect Lawrence Halprin, was built to take into account the local ecology. The timber frame is clad in vertical redwood siding, with vertical forms resembling mine structures anchoring a series of sloping roofs that descend toward the ocean, perforated by skylights.</p><br>
<p>Windows are plain openings without trim or mullions. There are no eaves or significant fascia trim. On the uphill side the building wraps around a courtyard that houses the units&#39; garages. Interior spaces feature the full range of MLTW-developed design elements.</p><br>
<p>The 10-unit structure was Moores first major work. It exemplifies Moores "shed style" with single-pitched roofs, board siding, and plain detailing. The style, with its emphasis on a partnership with the site, was a break from the International Style. The design principles established by Condominium 1 included the use of what Moore termed aedicules, small intimate spaces defined by four columns and a canopy, and "saddlebags", small projections of the interior space to the exterior that provide a view or a contemplative space. The units are arranged with horizontal and vertical view lines through the space.</p><br>
<h2>Reception</h2><br>
<p>The condominium was featured in an extensive public relations campaign to promote the Sea Ranch development and appeared in Newsweek, The New York Times, and Life, as well as design magazines such as Perspecta and Japan Architect. It received a design citation from Progressive Architect, a California Governor&#39;s Design Award in 1966 and an American Institute of Architects Honor Award in 1967. In 1991 it received the AIA Twenty-five Year Award and Moore was awarded the AIA Gold Medal. The structure was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Jurgens Site is a Paleo-Indian site located near Greeley in Weld County, Colorado. While the site was used primarily to hunt and butcher bison antiquus, there is evidence that the Paleo-Indians also gathered plants and seeds for food about 7,000 to 7,500 BC.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The site is located on a South Platte River terrace in northeastern Colorado, 9 miles east of Greeley near the town of Kersey. There are three sites located nearby; The Frazier site is 1 mi away and the Dent site is 16 mi southwest.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Paleo-Indian</h3><br>
<p>The items found at the site were identified as Cody complex culture. The Cody complex was first identified at a bison antiquus kill site near Cody, Wyoming in 1951. In addition to the Cody and Jurgens site, other Cody bison kill sites include Green River Basic (WY), Carter/Kerr-McGee (WY) and Frasca (CO). The sites are distinguished by their campsites, tools and butchering process. The tools, dated between about 6,000 and 8,000 BC, include Cody knives and Scottsbluff and diamond shaped Eden projectile points. Shaft abraders, used to straighten spear shafts, were found at the Jurgens Site and a few other Cody complex sites.</p><br>
<p>According to Noel Justice, the site was inhabited first by people of the Agate Basin Site culture and a second time by people defined as the "Kersey culture".</p><br>
<h3>Bison kill site</h3><br>
<p>Although bison antiquus were dying off as the result of climate changes at the end of the Ice Age, the Jurgens site was evidence of their ability to acquire significant numbers of bison about 7150 B.C.</p><br>
<h3>Archaeology</h3><br>
<h4>Artifacts</h4><br>
<p>Artifacts were found in distinct areas within the site:</p><br>
<p>There was also an area where tools were resharpened or replaced. In addition to the bison bones at the site, there were also butchered mammal (such as antelope, elk, deer), fish and bird bones.</p><br>
<p>Tools at the site included:</p><br>
<p>63 Kersey lanceolate projectile points, like the Eden projectile points. The raw material for the points was quartzite, found locally, and Alibates from northern Texas.</p><br>
<p>271 utilized and 2,023 debitage flakes</p><br>
<p>84 end scrapers</p><br>
<p>32 knives, some of which appear to have been fashioned from previous projectile points</p><br>
<p>30 ground-stone (anvil, hammerstone, etc.)</p><br>
<p>9 bone tools (atlatl hooks, an engraved unla, antler flaking hammer)</p><br>
<p>55 stone or mineral items</p><br>
<h4>Excavation and studies</h4><br>
<p>In 1967 Wormington excavated the Frazier site where she found Agate Basin Site (WY) artifacts and bison bones. Malde was the geologist on the Dent and Frazier sites.</p><br>
<p>The Trinchera Cave Archeological District  is an archaeological site in Las Animas County, Colorado with artifacts primarily dating from 1000 BC to AD 1749, although there were some Archaic period artifacts found. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 and is located on State Trust Lands.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Trinchera Cave is located within the Trinchera Creek canyon</p><br>
<p>in south central Colorado, east of Interstate 25. The climate zones and topography vary significantly in the 3,147 square mile Trinchera data analysis area (State of Colorado). Elevations range from 5370 to 14345 ft, the lowest being at the San Francisco Creek to the height at Blanca Peak. Between the two points are low rolling hills, valleys, ridges, steep mountain slopes and cliffs. At the lowest elevation there is less than 6 inches of precipitation per year; The mountainous areas receive 20 or more inches of precipitation per year, primarily in the form of snow. The habitat supports elk and deer populations.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Archaeological data indicates that there were people who inhabited or camped at the site from the late Archaic cultural period, Sopris phase, Apishapa culture complex, and late prehistoric periods, which spanned a period from several thousand years BC to AD 1749.</p><br>
<h3>Archaic period - 5850-3050 BC</h3><br>
<p>People of the Archaic period were hunters of smaller game, such as deer, antelope and rabbits, and gatherers of wild plants. The people moved seasonally to hunting and gathering sites. Late in the Archaic period, about AD 200-500, corn was introduced into the diet and pottery-making became an occupation for storing and caring food.</p><br>
<p>Large corner notched points from the Archaic age are artifacts found at the site and akin to the Texas Ellis points or Denver area Magic Mountain site points found in Zone B. The presence of the points could show a relationship to the Basketmaker culture of New Mexico and Arizona, one of 17 such sites in southern Colorado.</p><br>
<h3>Sopris phase – AD 1000-1250</h3><br>
<p>Sopris phase was an Upper Rio Grande hunter-gatherer culture that followed the Archaic period, influenced by pueblo people, such as the Taos Pueblo, and trade in the Upper Rio Grande.</p><br>
<p>Santa Fe black-on-white pottery and Taos gray pottery were found at the second oldest level at the rock shelter. Also at that level was a greater percentage of corner-notched projectile that was found in the oldest level. The research and dating of items of this period indicate dates from AD 1100 to 1350, likely in the 1200s, and indicate a trading relationships with people of the American southwest.</p><br>
<h3>Panhandle culture</h3><br>
<p>Panhandle culture is a prehistoric culture of the southern High Plains during the Middle Ceramic Period from AD 1200-1400. Panhandle sites are primarily in the panhandle and west central Oklahoma and the northern half of the Texas Panhandle. Antelope Creek focus is the primary, and to some the only, cultural tradition of the Panhandle culture. The Optima focus was defined for sites in west central Oklahoma, but after further study, these sites were defined as Antelope Creek focus. In 1975 Robert G. Campbell defined the Apishapa of southeastern Colorado&#39;s Chaquaqua Plateau as a Panhandle culture, which is disputed by other archaeologists. Most of the sites are centered around the Canadian River or its tributaries, primarily Antelope Creek and also Cottonwood Creek, Dixon Creek, Tarbox Creek and also on the Archie King Ranch.</p><br>
<p>Distinguishing characteristics of the Panhandle culture are:</p><br>
<p>Great similarity to the Central Plains complexes</p><br>
<p>Some, but much less, evidence of trading or influence of Southwestern pueblo cultures</p><br>
<p>Single or multi-roomed stone structures</p><br>
<p>Just above the Sopris level were remains of a Jacal structure. This level appears to contain a Panhandle culture influence, based upon the presence of artifacts typical of the Antelope Creek Phase and Stamper cord-marked pottery.</p><br>
<p>The Apishapa Phase, from AD 1000-1400, was identified by archaeologist Robert G. Campbell to be an outgrowth of the Panhandle culture. The Apishapa distinctions included that they sometimes lived in stone or slab constructed structures, made cord-wrapped pottery and used smaller projectile points; Unlike other Plains tribes, they did not use tools made of bison bones. They were a tradition of hunter gatherers who sometimes farmed. The people of the Apishapa phase lived in northern New Mexico or southern Colorado in rock shelters, single or multi-room stone or slab structures or in campsites, generally in protected areas near flowing water. Artifacts from this phase include a wide range of tools, cord-wrapped pottery and baskets. The initial reference point for the term was an archaeological site in the Lower Apishapa canyon.</p><br>
<h3>Discovery</h3><br>
<p>Willard Louden, a historian, geologist, and rancher, discovered the cave when he flew overhead the area in 1947. With Ruth Henritze, Louden dug for artifacts.</p><br>
<p>Penetente Architecture at the Mouth of Long Canyon, Las Animas County, Colorado - Stephen K. Ireland, Ruth H. Henritze. (1973)</p><br>
<p>Las Animas Archaeological and Historical Site Survey - Willard C. Louden, Stephen K. Ireland. (1974)</p><br>
<p>Granada and Holly Archaeological Site Survey - Willard C. Louden, Stephen K. Ireland. (1974)</p><br>
<p>In 1984 the Louden-Henritze Archeology Museum at the Trinidad State Junior College was dedicated to Richard and Willard Louden and Ruth Henritze.</p><br>
<h3>Archaeology</h3><br>
<h4>Cave description</h4><br>
<p>The cave, approximately 30 by under a 8 m overhang, is surrounded by Dakota formation sandstone and sits on a Purgatoire shale formation floor. Within the rock shelter there were previously walls, reportedly built with sandstone blocks, estimated to be 1.5 m thick. Adjacent to the shelter is a creek.</p><br>
<p>The shelter stays cool in the summer due to the overhang and is warmed by the sun in the winter.</p><br>
<h4>Artifacts and other information</h4><br>
<p>Trinchera Cave shares some similarities with a couple of other archaeological sites in eastern Colorado. Trinchera Cave, Franktown Cave and Chamber Cave, all showed significant evidence of residence, including a wealth of perishable items. The Trinchera and Chamber Cave sites, though, are located in the Arkansas River basin and connected with the people of the southern plains. Franktown Cave is located in the South Platte River basin, near Denver, Colorado. The latest inhabitants of the cave were the Apache and Comanche tribes.</p><br>
<p>Excavations were performed between the 1950s and 1970s, finding a similar variety of perishable items that were found at the Franktown Cave. The collection was taken and stored at the neighboring Trinidad State Junior College, but the information about the perishable items collection has not yet tabulated and published.</p><br>
<h4>Excavation and studies</h4><br>
<h2>Louden-Henritze Museum of Archaeology</h2><br>
<p>The Louden-Henritze Museum of Archaeology, located in Trinidad on the grounds of the Trinidad State Junior College, replica of the Trinchera Cave rockshelter exhibits examples of items made by pre-historic people, including pottery, projectile points, and perishable items made from plants, such as braided ropes, grass mats and yucca sandals. The dry, protected cave preserved the perishable items.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral located in downtown Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States. It is the mother church of the Diocese of Baton Rouge, and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 22, 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Joseph Parish was founded as the Parroquia de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores in 1792; its name was changed some time after Louisiana became a State in 1812 as English became more and more the language of the population in Baton Rouge. The present church building, the Parish&#39;s third, was begun in 1853 and completed in 1856.</p><br>
<p>The church was designated the cathedral church of the Diocese of Baton Rouge by Pope John XXIII in the bull of erection "Peramplum Novae Aureliae" dated July 22, 1961; the erection of the diocese took place on November 8, 1961, with Most Rev. Robert Emmet Tracy as is first bishop. The church building underwent a significant interior renovation in 1967 and was re-dedicated on September 30, 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company Warehouse and Repair Facility is an Art Deco industrial building, located at 1111 North Capitol Street, Northeast, Washington, D.C., in the NoMa neighborhood which houses the headquarters of National Public Radio.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1927.</p><br>
<p>It housed C & P Telephone Company’s fleet of repair trucks, and telephone overhaul shop.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, in 2006.</p><br>
<p>It was leased with an option to purchase, by the Smithsonian Institution. It was redeveloped with new construction as the fourth headquarters building of National Public Radio, which opened in April 2013. A new office tower of 10 to 12 stories was built behind the historic façade.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph Co-Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral located in Thibodaux, Louisiana, United States. Along with the Cathedral of St. Francis de Sales in Houma it is the seat of the Diocese of Houma-Thibodaux. It is also the oldest parish in the diocese.</p><br>
<p>The church building and rectory were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Saint Joseph&#39;s Co-Cathedral and Rectory on March 5, 1986</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Joseph Parish first began to organize in 1813 and was founded as a mission to Assumption Church in Plattenville in 1817. Two years later a small wooden church building was constructed near the current church cemetery. The Rev. Antoine Potini was assigned as St. Joseph&#39;s first pastor. The Rev. Charles Menard had a brick church built in 1849, but it was destroyed by a fire in 1916. The relics of Saint Valerie survived the fire and are in the current church in a glass sarcophagus. The present church was begun in 1920 during the pastorate of Msgr. Alexander Barbier. It was completed three years later in the Renaissance Revival style. The first Mass was celebrated on January 25, 1923. The ornamental marble and plaster work was added in 1931 and the final paint scheme was done in 1954.</p><br>
<p>Two of the parishes that were created from St. Joseph include St. Genevieve Parish, that was established in 1959, and St. Thomas Aquinas Parish in 1970.</p><br>
<p>On March 2, 1977 Pope Paul VI established the Diocese of Houma-Thibodaux. St. Francis de Sales Church in Houma became the cathedral of the new diocese and St. Joseph Church in Thibodaux became the co-cathedral.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph Life Center was built in 1985 to house the parish&#39;s administrative offices and community center. A major restoration of the co-cathedral church was completed in 2005.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The exterior of St. Joseph Co-Cathedral is composed of pressed brick with stone trim. Two twin towers flank the main façade, which features a rose window. The roof is covered in terra cotta tile.</p><br>
<p>The main feature in the interior is the 34 foot (10.4 m) high Baldachin in the apse. Symbols of the Four Evangelists are carved into its upper edge. The same symbols are found on the columns in the church. On the dome above are found the symbols of the Tree of Knowledge, the Tree of Life, a snake, an apple, and peacocks symbolizing the triumph and glory of the risen Christ. The coat of arms for Pope Pius XI and Archbishop John Shaw of New Orleans are also found there. The stained glass windows portray the life of Christ and the seven Sacraments. A crest appears on all the columns with an emblem of faith, hope, charity and the Ship of Life. They are above a cast of grapes and wheat, which symbolizes the Eucharist.</p><br>
<p>The Ulysses S. Grant School is an historic high school, the home of the School Without Walls </p><br>
<p>It is located at 2130 G Street Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Late Victorian building was designed by John B. Brady in 1882, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. On February 13, 2006 the D.C. City Council and the George Washington University Board of Trustees approved a deal for $12 million to renovate and expand the school building, in exchange for transfer of the school&#39;s rear parking lot property to the university.</p><br>
<p>The Winder Building is an office building in Washington, D.C., just west of the White House.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 604 17th Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was designed by Richard A. Gilpin, (or Robert Mills), for W. H. Winder, a nephew of Gen. William H. Winder. It was leased as government offices.</p><br>
<p>The government purchased it in 1854 for. It was originally covered in stucco, which was stripped and brick painted. The windows have been replaced. The building is maintained by the General Services Administration and occupied by the Office of the United States Trade Representative, since 1981.</p><br>
<p>It was occupied by the Office of Emergency Planning/Preparedness in the 1960s through 1973 when that agency was abolished and its functions transferred to other federal agencies. It was threatened with demolition in 1974. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.</p><br>
<p>The George Washington Baines House is located in the city of Salado, Bell County, Texas. It was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1981 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>George Washington Baines was the father of Joseph Wilson Baines, who was the father of Rebekah Baines, mother of Lyndon B. Johnson. A Baptist minister, Rev. Baines had been president of Baylor University, and traveled for the Baptist State Convention when he built this house around 1866. The Greek Revival style house is a one-and-one-half-story frame structure. The front of the house features a double-door transomed entrance. The porch is supported by square columns. Baines lived in this house from 1870 to 1882. Reverend Baines, his second wife Cynthia, daughter Anna Melissa, and son Taliaferro (Tollie) lived at the home.</p><br>
<p>The Baines House Bed, Breakfast & Beyond Inn formerly operated at the property. It described the home as an "original Greek revival, Texas dogtrot style home with salt box roof".</p><br>
<p>Colorado Millennial Site is a prehistoric Paleo-Indian archaeological site located near Ruxton in the southeastern part of the USA state of Colorado, sitting along the border between Baca and Las Animas counties. It is also known by its site ID, 5LA1115, and the names Hackberry Springs and Bloody Springs.</p><br>
<p>The site was inhabited from 6999 B.C. to A.D. 1900. The prehistoric cultures included Archaic and Woodland cultures and the site is significant for its rock art, village settlement, and military battle site.</p><br>
<p>The site, situated along an overhanging bluff, provided natural shelter and had access to a reliable supply of water for its prehistoric inhabitants, who left evidence of their residency in the form of rock art.</p><br>
<p>The Cheyenne and USA 7th Cavalry had the last documented southeastern Colorado military battle with Native Americans at the site in 1868.</p><br>
<p>Prospect House  is a historic building, located at 3508 Prospect Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Georgetown neighborhood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1788, by James Lingan, designed by William Thornton, architect of the United States Capitol. President John Adams visited the residence and Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette was a house guest. It was a guest house, while Blair House was under renovation.</p><br>
<p>Notable previous owners include Secretary of Defense James Forrestal. In 1951, Congressman Richard Thurmond Chatham and his wife Patricia Firestone Coyner purchased and remodeled Prospect House.</p><br>
<p>In June 1977, the property was purchased by David and Carol Ann Shapiro.</p><br>
<p>Prospect House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and is a contributing property to the Georgetown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Its 2024 property value is $14,660,100. The house is directly adjacent to the Georgetown Car Barn.</p><br>
<p>East Liverpool Pottery operated in East Liverpool, Ohio from its construction in 1844 until it ceased production in 1939. The site was made up of five buildings and 2 kilns. The company&#39;s bottle kilns, their shape resembling a bottle, were used for the production of pottery ware.</p><br>
<p>The site, also known as Goodwin-Baggott-Eagle-Mountford Pottery, was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 7, 1971.</p><br>
<p>The Badu Building is located in the City of Llano, Llano County, Texas. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Llano County, Texas in 1980, and designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1981. It has also been known as the Badu House and as the Carol Phelan Building. It is now being operated as a restaurant and private event space under the name Badu 1891.</p><br>
<p>Designed by Larramour and Watson, the Badu Building was erected in 1890 by the Llano Improvement and Furnace Company, as the location of the newly chartered First National Bank. The building is constructed of local granite and locally manufactured red brick. The marble-floored street level with its carved wooden interiors were the public access portion of the bank. The second floor was designed for office space. The Llano Improvement and Furnace Company had been organized with the specific purpose of promoting land development in the area, but went bankrupt circa 1894. The building was sold to N. J. Badu in 1898 at a public auction. Until 1980, the building had been continuously owned by members of Badu&#39;s family. From 1907 to 1912, the building was leased to the First State Bank of Llano. The Badu family sold it in 1980. It has been used as a bed and breakfast facility, and as a restaurant.</p><br>
<h2>N.J. Badu</h2><br>
<p>N. J. Badu was a native of Nancy, France. Educated and trained as a geologist in Europe, Badu emigrated</p><br>
<p>from France to Mexico. From there, he traveled to New Orleans, eventually finding employment in Texas as an instructor of the French language, in the Lamar County town of Paris. He married a woman from the same county by the name of Charlie Neal. After a subsequent career change, he gained some experience at hotel management in Dallas and Austin. During his tenure in Paris, Badu had heard much about the geology of Llano. He was hired by the Llano Improvement and Furnace Company to manage the Algona Hotel, the area&#39;s grand upscale establishment. When the Llano Improvement and Furnace Company went bankrupt, the Algona closed. Badu became employed as a manager of the Driskill Hotel in Austin, but maintained his home in Llano. Badu became a full-time mineralogist, with his laboratory based in Llano.</p><br>
<p>The Richard L. Cawood Residence was built in 1923 by Richard Cawood in East Liverpool, Ohio. Cawood was the president of Patterson foundry and owned a steel mill. He had an intense interest in architecture and design and often designed smaller houses.</p><br>
<p>The design of the house evolved over ten years. Cawood included a tower, chapel, and Porte-cochère. The house is an example of Italian Renaissance architecture combined with Spanish eclectic additions.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in January 1988.</p><br>
<p>The Linden Hall Historic District is located in Linden Hall, Harris Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, USA The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. The district incorporates the historic village of Linden Hall, which dates from the late 1700s. The resources within the district, which total 33 structures, range in date from 1810 to 1919. The district represents an excellent collection of diverse 19th and early 20th century vernacular dwelling styles representative of small rural villages in central Pennsylvania. Linden Hall is one of the oldest continually inhabited communities in western Penns Valley and closely resembles in its scale and mix of resources, other local villages which evolved around mills established in the early 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The town originally developed as a mill site along Cedar Run around 1800. The village expanded northward from the mill site throughout the 19th century. Though never very large, Linden Hall reached its greatest extent around the turn of the century. A train station was added to the village when the railroad was extended through the valley in 1885.</p><br>
<p>Today, the early commercial enterprises are gone, robbing Linden Hall of a central focus and leaving gaps among the homes that remain. Major buildings include the Rock Hill School, the Evangelical Methodist Church and the Irvin residence. Homes are principally Victorian in style and are of frame construction. Although some are only one story in height, most range from two to two-and-a-half stories.</p><br>
<h2>History of the village</h2><br>
<p>The first people known to have settled in Linden Hall was the James Watson family who built a cabin along Cedar Creek sometime prior to 1778. The family left the area as a result of numerous Indian raids which forced many families from the area in the "Great Runaway" between 1778 and 1788. On their return, they brought with them an Irish immigrant, John Irvin, who later married their Daughter Anne. Irvin prospered and in 1808, built a grist mill at the narrowest spot on Cedar Creek. The mill and farm which Irvin established upstream of the mill site became the nucleus for what was to become the village of Linden Hall. Because of periodic fires, this location was to be occupied by a succession of two more mills until operations ceased in 1928. The mill was removed in 1938.</p><br>
<p>The village may have begun with the Irvin mill and farm, but the village grew in part from the establishment of three other farms and their associated buildings. These were established by John Tressler (1836), Daniel Hess (1857) and John Ross (1870). As these other farms were established during the nineteenth century, Linden Hall became a local service center and soon other homes were built and businesses started in the village. These early commercial enterprises included a cobbler shop operated by George Huss and three stores, two of which still exist in the district but are no longer in operation.</p><br>
<p>Daniel Hess, who established his farm in the area in 1857 and also operated a local store, was instrumental in having the Pennsylvania Rail Road come through Linden Hall. This event initiated a period of economic prosperity which lasted until about the mid-1920s. With rail transportation, it became feasible to commercially exploit stands of white pine and hemlock in the nearby mountains and in 1895, the Linden Hall Lumber Company was formed to log Bear Meadows and the area along Laurel Run in what is currently Rothrock State Forest. With the influx of workers for the nearby lumber mill and the establishment of a coal and lumber business at Linden Hall, a local boom ensued which was reflected by a marked increase in building activity. During the period from 1885-1900, six new homes, a new school, a church, and two new barns were built. The decline in the lumber industry and the rise of the automobile for transportation resulted in less traffic through Linden Hall, and construction declined after 1900. By 1920, passenger service was no longer offered through the village; however, freight rail continued until Hurricane Agnes destroyed portions of the Railroad Right of Way in 1972.</p><br>
<p>The Hanna–Kenty House is located at 251 E. High St. in Lisbon, Ohio, United States. It is also known as the Marcus Hanna Boyhood Home.</p><br>
<p>The home is recognized for its local architectural significance. It combines the early 19th century Federal style and the early 20th century Colonial Revival style. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1838 from a design specified in a contract between the builder, Samuel Reynolds, and the owner, Leonard Hanna, the house was remodeled in 1907.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Leonard Hanna was an abolitionist and campaigner for temperance. His son, Marcus managed President William McKinley’s campaign tours in 1896 and 1900, and was national chairman of the Republican party. In 1898, he was appointed senator and was elected to the position in 1902.</p><br>
<p>The house is now owned by Mabel Primm.</p><br>
<p>The Charles D. Drain Jr. House, also known as the Charles and Anna Drain House, in Drain, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Construction of the house was commissioned by Charles Douglas Drain , the youngest son of town founder Charles Drain. Completed in 1895, the house is a prominent example of Queen Anne style architecture in Drain. The owners selected architect George Franklin Barber&#39;s Cottage Souvenir No. 2 - design number 37. Currently, the Drain school district headquarters are at the house.</p><br>
<p>The Charles and Anna Drain House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Tushiyah United Hebrew School, later known as the Scott Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church, is an educational building located at 609 East Kirby Street in Detroit, Michigan. This building, an important work of architect Isadore M. Lewis, was constructed as the Tushiyah United Hebrew School and served as the headquarters of the United Hebrew Schools of Detroit. It later served as the Scott Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church, the first mainline African-American Methodist Episcopal church in Detroit. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>The building now houses the Kirby Center Lofts.</p><br>
<h2>Tushiyah United Hebrew School</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1920s, the number of people of Detroit increased dramatically, and with it, the city&#39;s Jewish population also grew. The new wave of Jewish arrivals, particularly those emigrating from Eastern Europe, spread north along what was then the Hastings Street corridor (the current location of I-75). Between 1919 and 1924, the new population built a series of Talmud Torah schools, which emphasized community-based education. The locations of these schools spread northward along Hastings Street, following the Jewish population.</p><br>
<p>The Tushiyah United Hebrew School, built in 1922 on Kirby and St. Antoine, was one of these schools. Also known as the Kirby Center, it was constructed as the headquarters of the United Hebrew Schools. The building contained classrooms for 1500 students and an auditorium for 2000 people. It served not only as a school for children, but also hosted adult education classes and community group functions.</p><br>
<p>The school was designed by Isadore M. Lewis, a Jewish architect who designed a wide array of commercial, industrial, and residential buildings, primarily for Jewish clients. Lewis was born in Appleton, Wisconsin in 1888, and in 1916 moved to Detroit to open his own architectural firm. He practiced in Detroit until at least 1960, and died in 1968.</p><br>
<p>As the 1920s wound down, the Jewish population began shifting northward and westward away from the Tushiyah United Hebrew School, building homes and schools in the Dexter-Davidson neighborhood. New African-American residents began moving into the Hastings Street neighborhood as the earlier Jewish residents moved out. The shift in population, combined with the decline in popularity of the Talmud Torah schools, lead to the closure of the Tushiyah United Hebrew School in 1929.</p><br>
<h2>Scott Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church</h2><br>
<p>In 1929, after the closure of the school, the building was sold to the Scott Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church. The Scott Memorial ME church was founded in 1909; it was the first African-American Methodist Episcopal congregation in the city. The congregation started small, meeting in homes and storefronts and sharing a pastor with a congregation in Toledo, Ohio. In 1914, the church constructed its first building. The congregation continued to grow, and by 1924, Scott was planning on the construction of a second building. The church instead purchased the Tushiyah United Hebrew School in 1929, presumably because the cost, $92,500, was less than that for a new building.</p><br>
<p>The congregation worked hard to retire the mortgage, and by 1943, the building was paid off. This freed funding for building improvements, and the congregation put in new pews and a new roof in 1943, and remodeled part of the first floor into a youth center in 1948.</p><br>
<p>Scott Memorial was instrumental in the eventual unification of the white and African-American Methodist Episcopal churches. In 1957, Scott Memorial co-hosted an inter-racial leadership conference with the white Detroit Metropolitan Methodist Church, featuring an address by Thurgood Marshall, then an attorney for the NAACP.</p><br>
<p>However, the Scott Memorial ME church continued to grow, with over 2000 members in the mid-1960s. In 1968, the congregation began once more to look for a larger building. In 1970, the predominantly white Grace United Methodist Church merged with another congregation and offered their building, located on West Boston, to Scott Memorial for $1.00. Scott Memorial accepted the offer, and moved from the Kirby building.</p><br>
<p>In 1984, Scott Memorial sold the Kirby building to the Wild Life Field and Stream Club. In 1997, the building was sold again to the Most Worshipful Unity Grand Lodge of Michigan, Ancient and Accepted Masons. This organization owned the building as of 2011, but planned to sell it to a developer for conversion into apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Tushiyah United Hebrew School – Scott Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church is a two-story commercial-style building with a concrete foundation, masonry walls, and steel framing. The building is clad with tan brick, and features decorative brickwork with cast stone trim, medallions, and reliefs.</p><br>
<p>The original building was constructed in an L-shape, 102 feet by 134 feet. An arched roof, obscured by the parapet walls, covers the main section while the east-west section of the building has a flat roof. A single-story addition of concrete block and brick was built in 1950 across the rear, making a C-shape.</p><br>
<p>The front facade, facing Kirby Street, has five bays. The center bay has four piers with limestone bands and an urn at the top. Each floor has a pair of one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms. The bay to the left of the center contains the entrance, with two aluminum and glass doors. Two one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms hang on the second floor, surmounted by a weathered plaque reading "Tushiyah United Hebrew Schools of Detroit." The parapet wall has a brick relief in the center. The bay to the right of the center is identical to the entrance bay, but with two one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms on the first floor in place of the entrance doors. The two end bays have two pairs of one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms on each floor. A classical metal cornice once ran the width of the facade, but has been removed.</p><br>
<p>The side facade facing St. Antoine also has five bays: a wide center bay with five pairs of one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms, two flanking bays with three pairs of one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms, and two end bays with two pairs of one-over-one double-hung windows with transoms. Brick piers with limestone banding separate the windows. The elevations that do not face the street are red brick with limestone sills, pierced by similar one-over-one double-hung windows.</p><br>
<p>Inside the building, the main entrance has a white tile floor containing green tiles spelling, "Kirby Center" and green-and-yellow tile wainscoting. The interior hallways have terrazzo floors, plaster walls, and acoustic ceiling tile. Classrooms open onto the hall through wood-and-glass doors with transoms; many rooms retain the original wood floors, wood trim, and plaster walls. A dining hall on the first floor is not original. An auditorium and associated coat room, bar area, and restrooms are on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The John H. Morgan Surrender Site is the place where, during the American Civil War, Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan, the leader of Confederate troops responsible for Morgan&#39;s Raid, surrendered to Union troops following the Battle of Salineville. The site is located at a crossroads between the villages of Gavers and West Point in Columbiana County, Ohio, about 60 miles northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 23, 1973, for its military significance.</p><br>
<p>Morgan reportedly surrendered under what was called the "Surrender Tree". The location was at the northernmost point where a Confederate unit pierced USA-controlled territory during the war, except for the St. Albans Raid in Vermont.</p><br>
<h2>Morgan&#39;s Raid</h2><br>
<p>In June 1863, Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan took command of a force of 2,500 Confederate men in Kentucky. The purpose of the detachment was to recruit volunteers from the border state and distract USA General Ambrose Burnside, who was planning an offensive into Tennessee. Morgan&#39;s superior, General Braxton Bragg, specifically ordered Morgan not to cross the Ohio River into Union-controlled territory.</p><br>
<p>Morgan disobeyed his orders, and from June 11 to July 26, 1863, his troops conducted the raid in an area that ranged from Tennessee to northern Ohio. Morgan ransacked the countryside and disrupted telegraph and railroad lines as he moved north. He was pursued by a division of USA cavalry commanded by Brig. General Edward H. Hobson, who, together with reinforcements dispatched by Maj. General Ambrose Burnside, caught up to Morgan&#39;s force at Buffington Island, which fled northward.</p><br>
<p>In Columbiana County, fears increased as Morgan&#39;s Raid approached. There were exaggerated reports that his force numbered as many as 10,000 men. The day before the surrender, residents of Lisbon, Ohio, mobilized when they heard that Morgan was in Salineville in Columbiana County.</p><br>
<p>The final armed engagement of the raid occurred around 8 a.m. July 26 near the border of Carroll, Columbiana, and Jefferson counties.</p><br>
<p>As Morgan&#39;s troops approached, the New Lisbon militia dragged an old cannon from the Mexican War to block the road to town from the south.</p><br>
<p>At around 11 a.m., word reached town that the rebels had routed the militia and were coming into the town. Though the report was false, the militia members at the cannon allowed Morgan&#39;s army to pass unchallenged because they were afraid to engage them.</p><br>
<h2>Morgan&#39;s Surrender</h2><br>
<p>Morgan encountered Capt. James Burbeck, one of Lisbons militia commanders, along the road. Morgan convinced Burbeck to allow him to surrender his command, provided Burbick promised to take the sick and wounded soldiers and allow Morgan and his officers to be paroled so they could return home to Kentucky. However, Major George W. Rues troops had gathered at Morgan&#39;s front and rear. Morgan sent a flag of truce with one of his officers to inform Rue that Morgan had already surrendered to Burbeck under favorable terms.</p><br>
<p>Rue replied that he did not know who Captain Burbeck was and demanded that Morgan surrender to him immediately.</p><br>
<p>An hour later, Brig. Gen. James M. Shackelford arrived and discussed surrender terms with Morgan. When informed of Burbick&#39;s parole of Morgan and his officers, Shackelford said it was "not only absurd and ridiculous, but unfair and illegal."</p><br>
<p>Until the end of his life, Shackelford took credit for capturing Morgan since Rue was under his command. Rue also continued to take credit privately.</p><br>
<p>In July and August 1863, Ohio Governor David Tod led an inquiry into Morgans surrender. Governor Tod concluded that Captain Burbridge was actually James Burbick, a private citizen of New Lisbon, Ohio, who had never served as an officer in the Ohio Militia. As such, Governor Tod ruled that he had no authority over Morgan and that Morgans surrender to USA Army forces stood.</p><br>
<p>Morgan and more than 60 of his officers were imprisoned in the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus. On the night of November 27, 1863, Morgan and six others escaped from the prison, with a plan originated by Thomas Hines.</p><br>
<p>The Travelers Hotel, in East Liverpool, Ohio, was built in 1907 and had 105 rooms. Located at 117 East Fourth Street, on the banks of the Ohio River, it is one of the few remaining river town hotels that faces the river. The original name of the hotel is the Landora.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The hotel, which opened in 1908, was designed by Cassius Metsch, a local architect who also designed the YMCA building in East Liverpool. The hotel&#39;s entrance was originally on the corner of Crook Alley and East Fourth Street.</p><br>
<p>In 1910, a banquet room and kitchen were added. A rear wing of the building was added in 1915. In 1927, a kitchen and the Jigger room were constructed. The hotel also maintained a "Sample Room". In this area, traveling salesmen could display samples of their products. The Sample Room is now a small banquet room.</p><br>
<h2>Notable guests</h2><br>
<p>The Ceramic Theater was across the street from the hotel and performers at the theater would often stay at the hotel while in town. The hotel hosted Blackstone the magician, Paul Whiteman, the Marine Band, and the Roger Wagner Chorale.</p><br>
<p>In 1934, during the hunt for Pretty Boy Floyd (who was killed in nearby Clarkson, Ohio), FBI Special Agent Melvin Purvis used the Travelers Hotel as his headquarters.</p><br>
<h2>Renovation</h2><br>
<p>The hotel was renovated in the 1980s. As part of the historical renovation of the hotel, items from a number of local buildings were used. The lobby lights were from the Moore building and the brass door guards and handles were taken from the King-Ealls Hardware building.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in July 1986.</p><br>
<p>Bridge No. 5151-Marshall is a concrete girder bridge with decorative metal lampposts, carrying Minnesota State Highway 19 over the Redwood River in Marshall, Minnesota, United States. It was built 1931 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. Along with the nearby Bridge No. 5083-Marshall, it was nominated as a rare surviving example of the ornamental urban highway bridges built in Minnesota before World War II.</p><br>
<p>Bridge No. 5083-Marshall carries Minnesota State Highway 19 over the Redwood River in Marshall, Minnesota, United States. It was built 1931 and is one of two bridges on the historic register in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Bridge No. 5083 was completed at a cost of $23,277 in October 1931. This bridge is between a residential neighborhood on the south and the city&#39;s main park on the north. The bridge design is two 37 ft concrete-girder spans on a concrete substructure. Eight lines of girders support the concrete deck, which accommodates a 40 ft, bituminous-surfaced roadway and two concrete sidewalks bordered by ornamental, open-balustrade, metal railings with concrete posts. Each railing supports two metal light standards detailed in the Classical Revival Style.</p><br>
<p>Along with the nearby Bridge No. 5151-Marshall, it was nominated for being a rare surviving example of the ornamental urban highway bridges built in Minnesota before World War II.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Washington is a historic hotel located at 515 15th Street NW  in downtown Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hotel Washington opened on April 4, 1918. Designed by the architectural firm of Carrère and Hastings, the ten-story, Beaux-Arts hotel is the only commercial building designed by the firm in Washington, D.C. The facade features cream colored sgraffito decoration on a reddish-brown ground.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Washington was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1995; in addition, the building is a contributing property to the Financial Historic District, listed on the NRHP in 2006, and the Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site.</p><br>
<p>On 14 October 2005, George H. W. Bush, Barbara Bush and Eunice Kennedy Shriver attended a press conference at the hotel to unveil The Extra Mile - Points of Light Volunteer Pathway. It is a mile-long pathway of bronze medallions on 15th Street. Various staff members from the Corporation for National and Community Service and AmeriCorps NCCC attended the event at the hotel. After the press conference concluded, Pres. Bush, Mrs. Bush and Mrs. Kennedy Shriver walked up 15th street to see the medallions.</p><br>
<p>Following a 2006 buyout and extensive renovation, the property reopened in 2008 as the 317-room W Washington D.C. In 2021 the building was sold, ending its franchise with W Hotels and reverting to an independent Hotel Washington.</p><br>
<h2>In popular culture</h2><br>
<p>The hotel was seen in the films Contact and The Firm. Its roof terrace figured in the movies The Godfather Part II and No Way Out. Frank Murphy and John Nance Garner lived there. The entrance of the hotel was shown in the film Silkwood. The rooftop bar POV is also the location of Diana (Gal Gadot) and Barbara&#39;s (Kristen Wiig) lunch in the Wonder Woman sequel WW84.</p><br>
<p>Woman&#39;s Club of White Plains, originally known as the Thomas H. Kerr residence, is a historic clubhouse located at White Plains, Westchester County, New York. It was built in 1910 as a residence and enlarged in 1932, after being acquired as a clubhouse for the Contemporary Club. McKim, Mead and  White were the architects of this property, which originally had 41 acres, including a small farm and extensive orchards. It is a two-story, stuccoed, poured concrete building in the Italian Renaissance Revival style. It features a broad hipped roof, deep overhanging eaves, and prominent brick chimneys. It has large glass-enclosed porches at each end of the house.</p><br>
<p>The murals in the dining room were shipped from a villa in the Mediterranean where they were hand painted in the late 1800s. These murals were hidden under shellac in the club living room until discovered and restored. The graciously appointed house reflects the style of its original era, complete with library, tea room, and period lighting fixtures. However, the edifice is constantly being updated, to keep current in this 21st century. Maintenance of its gardens is overseen by club members.</p><br>
<p>The residence has hosted notable speakers on its stage, including</p><br>
<p>In 1913, American Homes and Gardens magazine said, "It would be difficult to imagine a country home of greater beauty and refinement than this beautiful place."</p><br>
<p>Because the Woman&#39;s Club was a unique and integral part of its community, and because of its exceptionally well-preserved architecture, the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Bird Homestead, also known as the Bouton-Bird-Erikson Homestead, is a historic home and farm complex located in Rye, Westchester County, New York. It is owned by the city of Rye and was purchased in 2009. The property is situated on Blind Brook estuary, off the Long Island Sound. The property is adjacent to the Rye Meeting House. The main part of the house was built in 1835, and is a two-story, three-bay wide frame building in the Greek Revival style. It sits on a brick foundation and has a low-pitched, side gable roof. It features a one-story, full-width, front porch. Also on the property are a contributing two-story barn built in the 1880s and a long, one-story outbuilding.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>The home was owned by five generations of the Bouton-Bird-Erikson family for over 150 years. Henry Bird was renowned entomologist; his sons Roland and Junius were pioneers in the fields of paleontology and archaeology, respectively. Many of their discoveries can be seen at the American Museum of Natural History. Henrys daughter Alice Bird Erikson was an accomplished nature illustrator while Doris Bird spent more than forty years as the childrens librarian at the Rye Free Reading Room.</p><br>
<p>The Westbrook College Historic District is a historic district in the Deering neighborhood of Portland, Maine. It is centered on the campus of the former Westbrook College, founded in 1831 as the nation&#39;s first coeducational boarding school. The college merged with the University of New England in 1996. The district, which includes six buildings constructed between 1833 and 1952, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Westbrook Seminary was chartered in 1831, and opened its doors in 1834. Founded by Universalists, it was always a non-sectarian coeducational boarding school. The place where it is located was originally part of the city of Westbrook, was later split off as Deering, and was then later annexed to Portland. The school changed its name to Westbrook Junior College in 1933, and Westbrook College in 1974. In 1996 the school merged with the University of New England in Biddeford, and began operating, under its 1831 charter, with the UNE name at both campuses.</p><br>
<p>The Westbrook College Historic District encompasses the historic core of the Westbrook College campus. It is bounded on the east by Stevens Avenue, and on the north by College Avenue; the latter is part of the circulation road of the campus. To the south of College Avenue is the campus&#39;s main quadrangle, which is lined to its south and west by historic buildings. They are described below, organized in a clockwise direction beginning at Stevens Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Ludcke Auditorium is a wood frame Gothic Revival building, constructed in 1867 as a Universalist church to a design by Portland architect Francis H. Fassett. The building served as the Westbrook College Library in the 20th century. Goddard Hall and Hersey Hall, which stand west of (behind) Ludcke Auditorium, are both four-story Italianate brick buildings built in 1857 and 1869, respectively. Now connected to the western end of Hersey Hall is Proctor Hall, a 1952 Colonial Revival brick building. North of Proctor stands Alumni Hall, which is the original 1833 Westbrook Seminary building. Just to its north is the former MacArthur Gymnasium, a 1900 Colonial Revival building designed by Fassett and his son Edward. MacArthur was adapted as part of UNE&#39;s Abplanalp Library, which includes a modern wing to the rear, by which it is joined to Alumni Hall.</p><br>
<p>The Mary A. Patterson Memorial building was built in 1924 by East Liverpool, Ohio industrialist Monroe Patterson as a memorial to his late wife, Mary Patterson. The structure was a home for working women from 1932 until 1984. It is now part of Kent State University and functions as a learning center featuring a community room and an art gallery.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 14, 1985</p><br>
<h2>Monroe Patterson</h2><br>
<p>Monroe Patterson came to East Liverpool from Ironton where he was in the general contracting business. After arriving, Mr. Patterson along with his brother-in-law, Phillip Morley opened a foundry. At first the foundry manufactured light equipment and serviced the potteries and other clay industries.</p><br>
<p>Mr. Patterson married Mary A. Thompson of Smith&#39;s Ferry, Pa. in September 1883. The couple had two children but both died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson were generous benefactors to many different activities in the community. Often their-donations were anonymous.</p><br>
<p>After the sudden death of his wife in 1921, Monroe decided to build a good Christian home for working girls that would serve the needs of the community and would also be a fitting memorial to his wife.</p><br>
<p>Articles of Incorporation were drawn up for the Mary A. Patterson Memorial Christian Home Association. Monroe supervised the initial stages of the construction himself. However, he died in 1924 before the work was completed.</p><br>
<p>The shell of the building was completed in 1925 but the interior was not finished till 1932 after many delays and problems in the construction.</p><br>
<p>The building was erected at a cost of $315,000. It is 84 feet by 124 feet. The white tiled swimming pool in the basement is 60 feet by 22 feet.</p><br>
<p>In 1932 forty bedrooms, the lounge, and two small writing rooms were furnished, and the home was opened to the public. The first executive secretary received a monthly salary of $60.00. The first swimming instructor was paid $12.50 a week. A fee of 25 cents per person was charged for using the pool with an additional seven cents for a towel and one cent for soap. For several years there was a dining room on the lower floor.</p><br>
<p>By 1952 there were 116 furnished rooms, a lounge, and an auditorium. Many organizations in the community used the auditorium for meetings, receptions and recitals. The Red Cross and the Columbiana County Motor Club both held office space on the first floor for many years.</p><br>
<p>As more apartments in the community became available for women, and the building became older and less attractive and less equipped to meet the need of young people, the occupancy rate began to go down. Many of the retired women were able to move to senior housing. The cost of repairs and renovation was much too high for the board to handle and the trustees of the building realized that they could not keep the building open. The building closed in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Kent State University</h2><br>
<p>After the building had been closed for one year, it reverted to the Patterson heirs. The Mary Patterson Building was purchased by the Friends of the East Liverpool Campus (of Kent State University) in 1989 and was partially renovated in 1993. In 1996, $956,000 was raised from the community to transform the building into a state-of-the-art learning center. In addition to the private donations, Kent State University and the State of Ohio contributed a total of $2 million in additional funds to complete the project. The building was re-opened in May 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Picture House Regional Film Center, formerly known as the Pelham Picture House, is a historic movie theater located in Pelham, New York. The rectangular building was built in 1921, in the Spanish Revival style and is oriented at an angle at the northwest corner of Wolf&#39;s Lane and Brookside Avenue. It features angled end bays, a distinctive round arched entrance, tiled hoods over the large windows on the end bays, and a wood open truss ceiling in the auditorium. The building typifies early 20th century commercial architecture of New York City commuter suburbs with its eclectic style reflective of the Mission style.</p><br>
<p>The theater was privately owned until it was put up for sale in 2003. Fearing that the historic building would be torn down, a group of Westchester citizens formed the non-profit organization Pelham Picture House Preservation and bought the building. The name of the organization was changed to the Picture House Regional Film Center in 2005. The Picture House operates with film and education programming at the 175 Wolfs Lane location and in area schools. The theater also hosts birthday parties.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
